Analog and digital communication systems

ANALOG AND DIGITAL COMMUNICATION SYSTEMS

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This excellent book, an introduction to analog and digital communication systems, emphasizes the unifying principles governing all forms of communications, whether analog or digital. While the book takes a mathematical systems approach to all phases of the subject matter it also deals with contemporary circuit applications which are now available in TINA by a click of the mouse from this electronic edition of the book published by DesignSoft.

1. INTRODUCTION
Preview, 1
1.1. The Need to Communicate – History, 2
1.2. The Environment, 3

1.3. Types of Signals, 15
    1.3.1. Analog Continuous, 15
    1.3.2. Analog Sampled, 16
    1.3.3. Digital Signal, 16
1.4. Elements of a Communication System, 17

1.5. Sampling, 19
1.5.1. Errors in Sampling, 27
1.6. A/D and D/A Conversion, 34
1.6.1. Quantizers, 37
1.7. Shannon’s Channel Capacity Theorem, 49

Problems, 56

2. BASEBAND TRANSMISSION
Preview, 62
2.1. Analog Baseband, 63
2.2. Discrete Baseband, 64
    2.2.1. Pulse Amplitude Modulation, 64
    2.2.2. Time Division Multiplexing, 69
    2.2.3. Intersymbol Interference and Crosstalk, 73
    2.2.4. Pulse Width Modulation, 77
    2.2.5. Pulse Position Modulation, 81
2.3. Digital Baseband, 82
    2.3.1. Signal Formats, 82
    2.3.2. Pulse Code Modulation (PCM), 95
    2.3.3. M-ary Baseband, 104
    2.3.4. Time Division Multiplexing, 105
    2.3.5. Delta Modulation, 106
    2.3.6. Other A/D Conversion Techniques, 111
2.4. Receivers, 115
    2.4.1. Analog Baseband Reception, 116
    2.4.2. Discrete Baseband Reception, 116
    2.4.3. Digital Baseband Reception, 118
    2.4.4 Intersymbol Interference Revisited, 138
2.5. Performance, 145
    2.5.1. Analog Baseband, 145
    2.5.2. Discrete Baseband, 149
    2.5.3. Digital Baseband, 152
2.6 Applications, 187
    2.6.1. Telephone – Local Loop, 187
    2.6.2. Closed-Circuit Television, 188
    2.6.3. Digital Recording – CDs, 194

Problems, 198

3. AMPLITUDE MODULATION
Preview, 214
3.1. Concept of Modulation, 215
3.2. Amplitude Modulation, 217
    3.2.1. Double Sideband Suppressed Carrier, 217
    3.2.2. Double Sideband Transmitted Carrier, 223
    3.2.3. Single Sideband, 230
    3.2.4. Vestigial Sideband (VSB), 231
    3.2.5. ASK and MASK, 233
3.3. Modulators, 236
    3.3.1. Double Sideband, 236
    3.3.2. Single Sideband Modulators, 247
    3.3.3. Vestigial Sideband (VSB), 250
    3.3.4. Digital ASK Modulators, 251
3.4. Demodulators, 253
    3.4.1. Coherent Demodulation, 253
    3.4.2. Carrier Recovery in AMTC, 264
    3.4.3. Incoherent Demodulation, 266
    3.4.4. IC Modulators and Demodulators, 275
3.5. Performance, 276
3.5.1. Coherent Detection, 277
3.5.2. Incoherent Detection, 288
3.6. Design Considerations, 295
    3.6.1. Analog Design Tradeoffs, 296
    3.6.2. Digital Design Tradeoffs, 297
    3.6.3. Digital Communication Design Requirements, 299
3.7. Applications, 302
    3.7.1. Broadcast AM, 302
    3.7.2. Television, 307
    3.7.3. Cellular Telephone, 310

Problems, 313

4. FREQUENCY MODULATION
Preview, 327
4.1. Frequency Modulation, 328
    4.1.1. Instantaneous Frequency, 328
    4.1.2. Narrowband FM, 330
    4.1.3. Wideband FM, 335
    4.1.4. Frequency Shift Keying (FSK), 346
    4.1.5. MFSK, 349
4.2. Modulators, 350
    4.2.1. Analog Modulators, 350
    4.2.2. Digital (FSK) Modulators, 354
4.3. Demodulators, 356
    4.3.1. Analog Demodulators, 356
    4.3.2. Digital Demodulators, 367
4.4. Performance, 369
    4.4.1. Analog, 369
    4.4.2. Digital, 378
4.5. Applications, 387
    4.5.1. Broadcast FM and FM Stereo, 387
    4.5.2. MODEMS, 391
    4.5.3. Dual-Tone Multifrequency (DTMF) Dialing, 394
Problems, 395

5. PHASE MODULATION
Preview, 404
5.1. Analog Phase Modulation, 404
    5.1.1. Narrowband PM, 405
    5.1.2. Wideband PM, 407
5.2. Digital Phase Modulation, 412
    5.2.1. PSK, 412
    5.2.2. MPSK, 417
    5.2.3. DPSK, 421
5.3. Modulators, 422
    5.3.1. Analog, 422
    5.3.2. Digital, 424
5.4. Demodulators, 426
    5.4.1. Analog, 426
    5.4.2. Digital, 426
5.5. Performance, 434
    5.5.1. Analog, 434
    5.5.2. Digital, 438
5.6. Applications, 446
    5.6.1. MODEMS, 446
Problems, 448

6. HYBRID SYSTEMS
Preview, 455
6.1. Analog, 455
    6.1.1. QAM, 455
    6.1.2. AM Stereo, 458
6.2. Digital, 463
    6.2.1. Design Tradeoffs, 463
    6.2.2. QAM, 464
6.3. MODEMS, 469

Problems, 470

APPENDIX A: FOURIER ANALYSIS
A.1. Fourier Series, 471
A.2. The Fourier Transform, 474
A.3. Singularity Functions, 477
A.4. Convolution, 482
A.4.1. Parseval?s Theorem, 485
A.5. Properties of the Fourier Transform, 486
A.5.1. Real/Imaginary-Even/Odd, 486
A.5.2. Time Shift, 487
A.5.3. Frequency Shift, 488
A.5.4. Linearity, 488
A.5.5. Modulation Theorem, 488
A.6. Periodic Functions, 489

APPENDIX B: LINEAR SYSTEMS
B.1. The System Function, 493
B.2. Filters, 496
B.2.1. Ideal Lowpass Filter, 497
B.2.2. Ideal Bandpass filter, 499
B.3. Practical Filters, 501
B.3.1. Lowpass Filter, 501
B.3.2. Bandpass Filter, 506
B.4. Active Filters, 508
B.5. Time Bandwidth Product, 510

APPENDIX C: PROBABILITY AND NOISE
C.1. Basic Elements of Probability Theory, 514
C.1.1. Probability, 514
C.1.2. Conditional Probabilities, 516
C.1.3. Random Variables, 518
C.1.4. Probability Density Function, 520
C.1.5. Expected Values, 522
C.1.6. Function of a Random Variable, 525
C.2. Frequently Encountered Density Functions, 528
C.2.1. Gaussian Random Variables, 528
C.2.2. Rayleigh Density Function, 533
C.2.3. Exponential Random Variables, 535
C.2.4. The Ricean Density Function, 535
C.3. Random Processes, 536
C.4. White Noise, 546
C.5. Narrowband Noise, 547
C.6. Matched Filter, 553

APPENDIX D: TABLE OF FOURIER TRANSFORMS, 559

APPENDIX E: Q FUNCTION AND ERROR FUNCTION, 561

APPENDIX F: SIMULATION SOFTWARE, 564

APPENDIX G: REFERENCES, 566